Equatorial Guinea (2002)

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Equatorial Guinea 2002 year


Administrative divisions	7 provinces (provincias, singular - provincia); Annobon, Bioko Norte, Bioko Sur, Centro Sur, Kie-Ntem, Litoral, Wele-Nzas
Age structure	0-14 years: 42.4% (male 106,061; female 105,071) 15-64 years: 53.8% (male 128,489; female 139,732) 65 years and over: 3.8% (male 8,385; female 10,406) (2002 est.)
Agriculture - products	coffee, cocoa, rice, yams, cassava (tapioca), bananas, palm oil nuts; livestock; timber
Airports	3 (2001)
Airports - with paved runways	total: 2 2,438 to 3,047 m: 1 1,524 to 2,437 m: 1 (2002)
Airports - with unpaved runways	total: 1 under 914 m: 1 (2002)
Area	total: 28,051 sq km land: 28,051 sq km water: 0 sq km
Area - comparative	slightly smaller than Maryland
Background	Composed of a mainland portion and five inhabited islands, Equatorial Guinea gained independence in 1968 after 190 years of Spanish rule. The tiny country, one of the smallest on the African continent, has been ruled by President OBIANG NGUEM MBASOGO since he seized power in a coup in 1979. Although nominally a constitutional democracy since 1991, the 1996 and 2002 presidential elections - as well as the 1999 legislative elections - were widely seen as being flawed.
Birth rate	37.33 births/1,000 population (2002 est.)
Budget	revenues: $200 million expenditures: $158 million, including capital expenditures of $NA (2001 est.)
Capital	Malabo
Climate	tropical; always hot, humid
Coastline	296 km
Constitution	approved by national referendum 17 November 1991; amended January 1995
Country name	conventional long form: Republic of Equatorial Guinea conventional short form: Equatorial Guinea local long form: Republica de Guinea Ecuatorial local short form: Guinea Ecuatorial former: Spanish Guinea
Currency	Communaute Financiere Africaine franc (XAF); note - responsible authority is the Bank of the Central African States
Death rate	12.83 deaths/1,000 population (2002 est.)
Debt - external	$225 million (2000 est.)
Diplomatic representation from the US	chief of mission: Ambassador George McDade STAPLES; note - the US does not have an embassy in Equatorial Guinea (embassy closed September 1995); the US ambassador to Cameroon is accredited to Equatorial Guinea; the US State Department is considering opening a Consulate Agency in Malabo
Diplomatic representation in the US	chief of mission: Ambassador Pastor Micha ONDO BILE chancery: 2020 16th Street NW, Washington, DC 20009 telephone: [1] (202) 518-5700 FAX: [1] (202) 528-5252
Disputes - international	tripartite maritime boundary and economic zone dispute with Cameroon and Nigeria is currently before the ICJ; maritime boundary dispute with Gabon because of disputed sovereignty over islands in Corisco Bay
Economic aid - recipient	$33.8 million (1995) (1995)
Economy - overview	The discovery and exploitation of large oil reserves have contributed to dramatic economic growth in recent years. Forestry, farming, and fishing are also major components of GDP. Subsistence farming predominates. Although pre-independence Equatorial Guinea counted on cocoa production for hard currency earnings, the neglect of the rural economy under successive regimes has diminished potential for agriculture-led growth (the government has stated its intention to reinvest some oil revenue into agriculture). A number of aid programs sponsored by the World Bank and the IMF have been cut off since 1993 because of corruption and mismanagement. No longer eligible for concessional financing because of large oil revenues, the government has been unsuccessfully trying to agree on a "shadow" fiscal management program with the World Bank and IMF. Businesses, for the most part, are owned by government officials and their family members. Undeveloped natural resources include titanium, iron ore, manganese, uranium, and alluvial gold. Boosts in production and higher world oil prices stimulated growth in 2002, with oil accounting for 90% of increased exports.
Electricity - consumption	20.46 million kWh (2000)
Electricity - exports	0 kWh (2000)
Electricity - imports	0 kWh (2000)
Electricity - production	22 million kWh (2000)
Electricity - production by source	fossil fuel: 91% hydro: 9% nuclear: 0% other: 0% (2000)
Elevation extremes	lowest point: Atlantic Ocean 0 m highest point: Pico Basile 3,008 m
Environment - current issues	tap water is not potable; deforestation
Environment - international agreements	party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Law of the Sea, Ship Pollution signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements
Ethnic groups	Bioko (primarily Bubi, some Fernandinos), Rio Muni (primarily Fang), Europeans less than 1,000, mostly Spanish
Exchange rates	Communaute Financiere Africaine francs (XAF) per US dollar - 742.79 (January 2002), 733.04 (2001), 711.98 (2000), 615.70 (1999), 589.95 (1998), 583.67 (1997); note - from 1 January 1999, the XAF is pegged to the euro at a rate of 655.957 XAF per euro
Executive branch	chief of state: President Brig. Gen. (Ret.) Teodoro OBIANG NGUEMA MBASOGO (since 3 August 1979 when he seized power in a military coup) head of government: Prime Minister Candido Muatetema RIVAS (since 26 February 2001); First Deputy Prime Minister Miguel OYONO NDONG (since NA January 1998); Deputy Prime Minister Demetrio Elo NDONG NZE FUMU (since NA January 1998) cabinet: Council of Ministers appointed by the president elections: president elected by popular vote for a seven-year term; election last held 15 December 2002 (next to be held NA December 2009); prime minister and deputy prime ministers appointed by the president election results: Teodoro OBIANG NGUEMA MBASOGO reelected president; percent of vote - Teodoro OBIANG NGUEMA MBASOGO 97.1%, Celestino Bonifacio BACALE 2.2%; elections marred by widespread fraud
Exports	0 kWh (2000)
Exports	$2.1 billion f.o.b. (2001 est.)
Exports - commodities	petroleum, timber, cocoa
Exports - partners	China 24%, Japan 7%, US 7%, South Korea 5% (1999)
Fiscal year	1 January - 31 December
Flag description	three equal horizontal bands of green (top), white, and red with a blue isosceles triangle based on the hoist side and the coat of arms centered in the white band; the coat of arms has six yellow six-pointed stars (representing the mainland and five offshore islands) above a gray shield bearing a silk-cotton tree and below which is a scroll with the motto UNIDAD, PAZ, JUSTICIA (Unity, Peace, Justice)
GDP	purchasing power parity - $1.04 billion (2001 est.)
GDP - composition by sector	agriculture: 20% industry: 60% services: 20% (1999 est.)
GDP - per capita	purchasing power parity - $2,100 (2001 est.)
GDP - real growth rate	6% (2001 est.)
Geographic coordinates	2 00 N, 10 00 E
Geography - note	insular and continental regions rather widely separated
Highways	total: 2,880 km paved: 0 km unpaved: 2,880 km (1996)
Household income or consumption by percentage share	lowest 10%: NA% highest 10%: NA%
Imports	0 kWh (2000)
Imports	$736 million f.o.b. (2001)
Imports - commodities	petroleum sector equipment, manufactured goods and equipment
Imports - partners	US 60%, France 12%, Spain 8%, Italy 6% (1999)
Independence	12 October 1968 (from Spain)
Industrial production growth rate	7.4% (1994 est.)
Industries	petroleum, fishing, sawmilling, natural gas
Infant mortality rate	90.96 deaths/1,000 live births (2002 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices)	6% (2001 est.)
International organization participation	ACCT, ACP, AfDB, BDEAC, CEEAC, CEMAC, ECA, FAO, FZ, G-77, IBRD, ICAO, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, ITU, NAM, OAS (observer), OAU, OPCW, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UPU, WHO, WIPO, WToO, WTrO (applicant)
Internet Service Providers (ISPs)	1 (2002)
Irrigated land	NA sq km
Judicial branch	Supreme Tribunal
Labor force	NA
Land boundaries	total: 539 km border countries: Cameroon 189 km, Gabon 350 km
Land use	arable land: 4.63% permanent crops: 3.57% other: 91.8% (1998 est.)
Languages	Spanish (official), French (official), pidgin English, Fang, Bubi, Ibo
Legal system	partly based on Spanish civil law and tribal custom
Legislative branch	unicameral House of People's Representatives or Camara de Representantes del Pueblo (80 seats; members directly elected by popular vote to serve five-year terms) elections: last held 7 March 1999 (next to be held NA March 2004) election results: percent of vote by party - PDGE 80%, UP 6%, CPDS 5%; seats by party - PDGE 75, UP 4 and CPDS 1 note: opposition parties have refused to take up their seats in the House to protest widespread irregularities in the 1999 legislative elections
Life expectancy at birth	total population: 54.35 years male: 52.26 years female: 56.5 years (2002 est.)
Literacy	definition: age 15 and over can read and write total population: 78.5% male: 89.6% female: 68.1% (1995 est.)
Location	Western Africa, bordering the Bight of Biafra, between Cameroon and Gabon
Map references	Africa
Maritime claims	exclusive economic zone: 200 NM territorial sea: 12 NM
Merchant marine	total: 6 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 14,413 GRT/16,251 DWT ships by type: bulk 1, cargo 3, passenger 1, passenger/cargo 1 (2002 est.)
Military branches	Army, Navy, Air Force, Rapid Intervention Force, National Police
Military expenditures - dollar figure	$27.5 million (FY01)
Military expenditures - percent of GDP	2.5% (FY01)
Military manpower - availability	males age 15-49: 112,664 (2002 est.)
Military manpower - fit for military service	males age 15-49: 57,194 (2002 est.)
National holiday	Independence Day, 12 October (1968)
Nationality	noun: Equatorial Guinean(s) or Equatoguinean(s) adjective: Equatorial Guinean or Equatoguinean
Natural hazards	violent windstorms, flash floods
Natural resources	oil, petroleum, timber, small unexploited deposits of gold, manganese, uranium
Net migration rate	NEGL migrant(s)/1,000 population (2002 est.)
Political parties and leaders	Convergence Party for Social Democracy or CPDS [Placido MIKO Abogo]; Democratic Party for Equatorial Guinea or PDGE (ruling party) [Teodoro OBIANG NGUEMA MBASOGO]; Party for Progress of Equatorial Guinea or PPGE [Severo MOTO]; Popular Action of Equatorial Guinea or APGE [Miguel Esono EMAN]; Popular Union or UP [Andres Moises Bda ADA]; Progressive Democratic Alliance or ADP [Victorino Bolekia BONAY]; Union of Independent Democrats of UDI [Daniel OYONO]
Political pressure groups and leaders	NA
Population	498,144 (July 2002 est.)
Population below poverty line	NA%
Population growth rate	2.45% (2002 est.)
Ports and harbors	Bata, Luba, Malabo
Radio broadcast stations	AM 0, FM 3, shortwave 5 (2002)
Radios	180,000 (1997)
Railways	total: 0 km
Religions	nominally Christian and predominantly Roman Catholic, pagan practices
Sex ratio	at birth: 1.03 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.01 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 0.92 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.81 male(s)/female total population: 0.95 male(s)/female (2002 est.)
Suffrage	18 years of age; universal adult
Telephone system	general assessment: poor system with adequate government services domestic: NA international: international communications from Bata and Malabo to African and European countries; satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Indian Ocean)
Telephones - main lines in use	6,000 (1998)
Telephones - mobile cellular	300 (1998)
Television broadcast stations	1 (2002)
Terrain	coastal plains rise to interior hills; islands are volcanic
Total fertility rate	4.81 children born/woman (2002 est.)
Unemployment rate	30% (1998 est.)
Waterways	none

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